April 29, 2013
thunderlane12@gmail.comthunderlanewriter@yahoo.comthunderlane@writing.comhttp://writing.com/author/thunderlanehttp://groups.yahoo.com/group/thunderlaneBadlands National ParkFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to:
navigation,
searchBadlands National Park
IUCN category II (
national park)
Location
Jackson,
Pennington, and
Shannon counties,
South Dakota,
U.S.Nearest city
Wall, South DakotaCoordinates
43°45′00″N 102°30′00″W / 43.75000°N 102.50000°W / 43.75000; -102.50000Coordinates:
43°45′00″N 102°30′00″W / 43.75000°N 102.50000°W / 43.75000; -102.50000Area242,756 acres (98,240 ha)
[1]EstablishedJanuary 29, 1939 (1939-January-29) as a National MonumentNovember 10, 1978 as a National ParkVisitors870,741 (in 2011)
[2]Governing body
National Park ServiceMount Rushmore
Black Hills and Badlands
Badlands National ParkSculpture
Mount RushmoreCrazy HorseGeologic FormationsBadlands
NeedlesDevils TowerBear ButteSpearfish CanyonMountains
Harney PeakCaves
Wind CaveJewel CaveForestsCusterBlack HillsBlack ElkPrairie and
GrasslandWind CaveBuffalo GapLakes
SylvanPactolavteBadlands National Park is a
national park in southwestern
South Dakota that protects 242,756 acres (98,240 ha)
[1] of sharply
eroded buttes, pinnacles, and spires blended with the largest undisturbed mixed
grass prairie in the United States. The park is managed by the
National Park Service.The
Badlands Wilderness protects 64,144 acres (25,958 ha) of the park as a designated
wilderness area[3] and is the site of the reintroduction of the
black-footed ferret, the most
endangered land
mammal in
North America.
[4]The Stronghold Unit is co-managed with the
Oglala Lakota tribe and includes sites of 1890s
Ghost Dances,
[5] a former
United States Air Force bomb and gunnery range,
[6] and
Red Shirt Table, the park's highest point at 3,340 feet (1,020 m).
[7] Authorized as Badlands National Monument on March 4, 1929, it was not established until January 25, 1939. It was redesignated a
national park on November 10, 1978.
[8]Under the
Mission 66 plan, the Ben Reifel Visitor Center was constructed for the monument in 1957–58. The park also administers the nearby
Minuteman Missile National Historic Site.Contents [
hide]
1 Prehistory1.1 Genera found in the area2 Human history2.1 Native Americans2.2 Fossil hunters2.3 Homesteaders2.4 Pine Ridge Indian Reservation3 Visiting the Park4 References5 External linksPrehistory[
edit]Genera found in the area[
edit]
Restoration of genera present in the formations, by
Jay MatternesAlligator (
Crocodilian)
Archaeotherium (
Entelodont)
Dinictis (
Nimravid)
Eporeodon (
Oreodont)
Eusmilus (
Nimravid)
Hoplophoneus (
Nimravid)
Hyaenodon (
Creodont)
Hyracodon (
Running Rhino)
Ischyromys (
Ground Squirrel-like
Rodent)
Leptomeryx (
Tragulid)
Merycoidodon (
Oreodont)
Metamynodon (
Aquatic Rhino)
Miniochoerus (
Oreodont)
Poebrotherium (
Camel)
Subhyracodon (
Rhinoceros)See also:
White River Fauna for a list of fossil animals discovered in the
formations that make up Badlands National Park and surrounding areas.Human history[
edit]Native Americans[
edit]
False-color satellite image of the park (
more information)For 11,000 years,
Native Americans have used this area for their hunting grounds. Long before the
Lakota were the little-studied
paleo-Indians, followed by the
Arikara people. Their descendants live today in
North Dakota as a part of the
Three Affiliated Tribes. Archaeological records combined with oral traditions indicate that these people camped in secluded valleys where fresh water and game were available year round. Eroding out of the stream banks today are the rocks and charcoal of their campfires, as well as the arrowheads and tools they used to butcher bison, rabbits, and other game. From the top of the
Badlands Wall, they could scan the area for enemies and wandering herds. If hunting was good, they might hang on into winter, before retracing their way to their villages along the
Missouri River. By one hundred and fifty years ago, the
Great Sioux Nation consisting of seven bands including the Oglala Lakota, had displaced the other tribes from the northern prairie.The next great change came toward the end of the 19th century as
homesteaders moved into
South Dakota. The U.S. government stripped
Native Americans of much of their territory and forced them to live on reservations. In the fall and early winter of 1890, thousands of
Native American followers, including many Oglala Sioux, became followers of the Indian prophet
Wovoka. His vision called for the native people to dance the
Ghost Dance and wear
Ghost Shirts, which would be impervious to bullets. Wovoka had predicted that the white man would vanish and their hunting grounds would be restored. One of the last known Ghost Dances was conducted on Stronghold Table in the South Unit of Badlands National Park. As winter closed in, the ghost dancers returned to
Pine Ridge Agency. The climax of the struggle came in late December, 1890. Headed south from the
Cheyenne River, a band of
Minneconjou Sioux crossed a pass in the Badlands Wall. Pursued by units of the U.S. Army, they were seeking refuge in the
Pine Ridge Reservation. The band, led by
Chief Big Foot, was finally overtaken by the soldiers near
Wounded Knee Creek in the Reservation and ordered to camp there overnight. The troops attempted to disarm Big Foot's band the next morning. Gunfire erupted. Before it was over, nearly three hundred Indians and thirty soldiers lay dead. The
Wounded Knee Massacre was the last major clash between
Plains Indians and the U.S. military until the advent of the
American Indian Movement in the 1970s, most notably in the
1973 standoff at
Wounded Knee, South Dakota.Wounded Knee is not within the boundaries of Badlands National Park. It is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) south of the park on Pine Ridge Reservation. The U.S. government and the Oglala Lakota Nation have agreed that this is a story to be told by the Oglala of
Pine Ridge and Minneconjou of
Standing Rock Reservation. The interpretation of the site and its tragic events are held as the primary responsibility of these survivors.Fossil hunters[
edit]
Aerial view, 3D computer generated imageThe history of the White River Badlands as a significant paleontological resource goes back to the traditional Native American knowledge of the area. The Lakota found large fossilized bones, fossilized seashells and turtle shells. They correctly assumed that the area had once been under water, and that the bones belonged to creatures which no longer existed.[
citation needed] Paleontological interest in this area began in the 1840s. Trappers and traders regularly traveled the 300 miles (480 km) from
Fort Pierre to
Fort Laramie along a path which skirted the edge of what is now Badlands National Park. Fossils were occasionally collected, and in 1843 a fossilized jaw fragment collected by Alexander Culbertson of the
American Fur Company found its way to a physician in St. Louis by the name of Dr. Hiram A. Prout.In 1846, Prout published a paper about the jaw in the
American Journal of Science in which he stated that it had come from a creature he called a Paleotherium. Shortly after the publication, the White River Badlands became popular fossil hunting grounds and, within a couple of decades, numerous new fossil species had been discovered in the White River Badlands. In 1849, Dr. Joseph Leidy published a paper on an Oligocene camel and renamed Prout's Paleotherium,
Titanotherium prouti. By 1854 when he published a series of papers about North American fossils, 84 distinct species had been discovered in North America – 77 of which were found in the White River Badlands. In 1870 a Yale professor, O. C. Marsh, visited the region and developed more refined methods of extracting and reassembling fossils into nearly complete skeletons. From 1899 to today, the
South Dakota School of Mines has sent people almost every year and remains one of the most active research institutions working in the White River Badlands. Throughout the late 19th century and continuing today, scientists and institutions from all over the world have benefited from the fossil resources of the White River Badlands. The White River Badlands have developed an international reputation as a fossil-rich area. They contain the richest deposits of
Oligocene mammals known, providing a brief glimpse of life in this area 33 million years ago.Homesteaders[
edit]Aspects of American
homesteading began before the end of the
American Civil War; however, it didn't really impact the Badlands until the 20th century. Then, many hopeful farmers traveled to South Dakota from Europe or the
eastern United States to try to eke out a living in the area. The standard size for a homestead was 160 acres (65 ha). Being in a semi-arid, wind-swept environment, this proved far too small of a holding to support a family. In 1916, in the western Dakotas, the
size of a homestead was increased to 640 acres (260 ha). Cattle grazed the land, and crops such as winter wheat and hay were cut annually. However, the
Great Dust Bowl events of the 1930s, combined with waves of grasshoppers, proved too much for most of the settlers of the Badlands. Houses, which had been built out of sod blocks and heated by buffalo chips, were abandoned. Those who remained today ranch and raise wheat.Pine Ridge Indian Reservation[
edit]As part of the war effort, the
U.S. Army Air Force (USAAF) took possession of 341,726 acres (138,292 ha) of land on the
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, home of the
Oglala Sioux people, for a gunnery range. Included in this range was 337 acres (136 ha) from the Badlands National Monument. This land was used extensively from 1942 through 1945 as an air-to-air and air-to-ground gunnery range including both precision and demolition bombing exercises. After the war, portions of the bombing range were used as an artillery range by the South Dakota National Guard. In 1968, most of the range was declared excess property by the USAF though 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) are retained by the USAF but no longer used, the majority of the land was turned over to the National Park Service.Firing took place within most of the present day Stronghold District. Land was bought or leased from individual landowners and the Tribe in order to clear the area of human occupation. Old car bodies and 55 gallon drums painted bright yellow were used as targets. Bulls-eyes 250 feet (76 m) across were plowed into the ground and used as targets by bombardiers. Small automatic aircraft called "
target drones" and 60-by-8-foot (18 by 2 m) screens dragged behind planes served as mobile targets. Today, the ground is littered with discarded bullet cases and unexploded ordnance.125 families were forcibly relocated from their farms and ranches in the 1940s including
Dewey Beard, a survivor of the
Wounded Knee Massacre. Those that remained nearby recall times when they had to dive under tractors while out cutting hay to avoid bombs dropped by planes miles outside of the boundary. In the town of
Interior, both a church and the building housing the current post office were struck by six inch (152 mm) shells through the roof. Pilots operating out of
Ellsworth Air Force Base near
Rapid City found it a real challenge to determine the exact boundaries of the range. Fortunately, there were no civilian casualties. However, at least a dozen flight crew personnel lost their lives in plane crashes.The Stronghold District of Badlands National Park offers more than scenic badlands with spectacular views. Co-managed by the
National Park Service and the Oglala Lakota Tribe, this 133,300-acre (53,900 ha) area is steeped in history. Deep
draws, high tables and rolling prairie hold the stories of the earliest plains hunters, the
paleo-Indians, as well as the present day Lakota Nation.Visiting the Park[
edit]
Tenting in the Cedar Pass CampgroundBadlands National Park has two campgrounds for overnight visits.
[9]References[
edit]^
Jump up to: a b "Listing of acreage as of December 31, 2011". Land Resource Division, National Park Service. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report". National Park Service. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Badlands Wilderness". Wilderness.net. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "2008 Badlands Visitor Guide". National Park Service. p. 2. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Badlands National Park".
Rand McNally. Retrieved March 12, 2011. "The cultural centerpiece of this section is the Stronghold Table, where the Oglala Sioux danced the Ghost Dance for the last time in 1890." [
dead link]
Jump up ^ "Pine Ridge Gunnery Range/Badlands Bombing Range". South Dakota; Department of Environment & Natural Resources.
Archived from the original on March 9, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
Jump up ^ "U.S. National Park High Points". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The National Parks: Index 2009–2011". National Park Service. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ http://www.nps.gov/badl/planyourvisit/camping.htmExternal links[
edit]Find more about Badlands National Park at Wikipedia's
sister projectsMedia from Commons
Travel guide from Wikivoyage
Badlands National Park - official
National Park Service website
Badlands Visitor Information websiteBadlands Bombing Range -
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers[
show]
vteNational parks of the United States
AcadiaAmerican SamoaArchesBadlands
Big BendBiscayneBlack Canyon of the GunnisonBryce CanyonCanyonlandsCapitol ReefCarlsbad CavernsChannel IslandsCongareeCrater LakeCuyahoga ValleyDeath ValleyDenaliDry TortugasEvergladesGates of the ArcticGlacierGlacier BayGrand CanyonGrand TetonGreat BasinGreat Sand DunesGreat Smoky MountainsGuadalupe MountainsHaleakalāHawaiʻi VolcanoesHot SpringsIsle RoyaleJoshua TreeKatmaiKenai FjordsKings CanyonKobuk ValleyLake ClarkLassen VolcanicMammoth CaveMesa VerdeMount RainierNorth CascadesOlympicPetrified ForestPinnaclesRedwoodRocky MountainSaguaroSequoiaShenandoahTheodore RooseveltVirgin IslandsVoyageursWind CaveWrangell–St. EliasYellowstoneYosemiteZion List of national parks of the United States (by
elevation)[
show]
vteProtected areas of
South DakotaFederalNational ParksBadlands
Wind CaveNational Historic Sitesand
MemorialsMinuteman Missile NHSMount Rushmore NMemNational MonumentJewel CaveNational ForestsBlack HillsCusterNational GrasslandsBuffalo GapDakota PrairieFort PierreGrand RiverNational Historic TrailLewis and ClarkNational Recreational RiverMissouriNational Wildlife RefugesHuron WMDKarl E. MundtLacreekLake AndesMadison WMDSand LakeSand Lake WMDWaubayWaubay WMDNational Wilderness AreasBadlandsBlack ElkStateState ParksAdams Homestead and Nature PreserveBear ButteCusterFisher GroveFort SissetonGood EarthHartford BeachLake HermanLone PineNewton HillsOakwood LakesPalisadesRoy LakeSica HollowUnion GroveState Recreation Areas
AngosturaBeaver CreekBig SiouxBig Stone IslandBurke LakeBuryanekChief White CraneCow CreekFarm IslandGeorge S. Mickelson TrailIndian CreekLaFramboise IslandLake AlvinLake CochraneLake HiddenwoodLake LouiseLake PoinsettLake ThompsonLake VermillionLewis and ClarkLittle MoreauLlewellyn JohnsMina LakeNorth PointNorth WheelerOahe DownstreamOkobojo PointPease CreekPelican LakePickerel LakePierson RanchPlatte CreekRandall CreekRichmond LakeSandy ShoreShadehillSnake CreekSpirit Mound Historic PrairieSpringfieldSwan CreekWalker's PointWest BendWest PollackWest Whitlock
Retrieved from "
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Badlands_National_Park&oldid=605704286"
Categories:
IUCN Category IIBadlandsBadlands National ParkArchaeological sites in South DakotaOligocene mammalsProtected areas established in 1939Protected areas of Jackson County, South DakotaProtected areas of Pennington County, South DakotaProtected areas of Shannon County, South Dakota1939 establishments in South DakotaHidden categories:
All articles with dead external linksArticles with dead external links from March 2012Use mdy dates from June 2012Coordinates on WikidataAll articles with unsourced statementsArticles with unsourced statements from April 2014Navigation menuPersonal tools
Create accountLog in Namespaces
ArticleTalkVariants
Views
ReadEditView historyActions
Search
Navigation
Main pageContentsFeatured contentCurrent eventsRandom articleDonate to WikipediaWikimedia ShopInteractionHelpAbout WikipediaCommunity portalRecent changesContact pageToolsWhat links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationData itemCite this pagePrint/exportCreate a bookDownload as PDFPrintable versionLanguagesالعربيةБългарскиCatalàDanskDeutschEspañolفارسیFrançaisHrvatskiItalianoLietuviųNederlands日本語Norsk bokmålPolskiPortuguêsRomânăRuna SimiРусскийShqipSuomiSvenskaTürkçe中文Edit links This page was last modified on 25 April 2014 at 04:43.Text is available under the
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the
Terms of Use and
Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the
Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policyAbout WikipediaDisclaimersContact WikipediaDevelopersMobile viewReviews Contests Publishers Indie Bookstores Alt Mags Lit Mags Creative Writing Programs Literary MagazinesBrowse the literary magazines listed in NewPages to find short stories and longer fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction, essays, literary criticism, book reviews, author interviews, art and photography. The magazine editor's description for each sponsored literary magazine gives you an overview of editorial styles—what writers they have published and what they are looking for (with contact information, subscription rates, submission guidelines, and more).Sponsored Lit Mag Listings
A BC DE FG HI JK LMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ New & Featured Listingselsewhere elsewhere is an online bimonthly publication of flash fiction and prose poetry. [o][
Read more about elsewhere]The Idaho ReviewAn annual review of literary fiction and poetry, highlighting an array of distinguished writers as well as new and exciting voices of emerging writers.[
Read more about The Idaho Review]Southern Humanities ReviewFiction, poetry, personal and critical essays, and book reviews on the arts, literature, philosophy, religion, cultural studies, and history by new and established writers. Also publishes translations.
[Read more about Southern Humanities Review]The Write Place At the Write TimeWe are about the synchronistic convergences of time, place, readers, and writers that create unforgettable moments where lives change course and dreams are born. [o][
Read more about The Write Place At the Write Time]
2River ViewSince 1996, an online site of poetry, art, and theory, quarterly publishing The 2River View and occasionally publishing individual authors in the 2River Chapbook Series, as well as podcasting 2River authors from the Muddy Bank blog. [o][
Read more about 2River View]
A
top of pageAble MuseA semiannual review of poetry prose and art. With featured poet and artist /photographer with interview. Includes poems, fiction, essays and book reviews.[
Read more about Able Muse]
AGNIA “workshop of literature where wonderful, audacious and strange things come into being.” —Bernhard Schlink, author of The Reader
[Read more about AGNI]Alaska Quarterly ReviewOne of America's premier literary magazines and a source of powerful, new voices. AQR is "one of the nation's best literary magazines," The Washington Post Book World.
[Read more about Alaska Quarterly Review]American Literary ReviewAmerican Literary Review has been published since 1990 through the Creative Writing Program of the department of English at the University of North Texas.[
Read more about American Literary Review]
American Poetry ReviewThe widest range of distinguished poets, exciting new writers, controversial reviews, essays, columns, and interviews.
[Read more about American Poetry Review]The
Antioch ReviewThe Antioch Review is a distinguished, well-established literary journal that publishes lively and cogent essays, fiction, poetry and book reviews.
[Read more about The Antioch Review]Apple Valley ReviewThe Apple Valley Review is an online literary journal established in 2005 and published in the spring and fall. Each issue features a collection of beautifully crafted poetry, short fiction, and essays. [o][
Read more about Apple Valley Review]
Arcadia MagazineArcadia wants your best. Fiction, poetry, painting, photograph, stand-up comedy routine, mockumentary, whatever. We want to see it, read it, hear it, and love it.[
Read more about Arcadia Magazine]
Arroyo Literary ReviewEach issue reflects the creative diversity found in the San Francisco Bay Area literary scene, while bringing together material from an international array of poets, writers, and artists.[
Read more about Arroyo Literary Review]
Ascent"Simply and unobtrusively one of the best." — Literary Magazine Review [o]
[Read more about Ascent]AufgabePublishes emerging and established writers of innovative poetry. Each issue presents a special guest edited section of poetry in translation alongside new American poetry, essays, reviews & talks.
[Read more about Aufgabe]The
AuroreanUpbeat New England poetry journal. Small Press Review-recommended;profiled in Poet’s Market. Proudly welcomes newer poets alongside the biggest names in the small press.
[Read more about The Aurorean]B
top of page The
Baltimore ReviewPublishing since 1996, The Baltimore Review is an online and print journal of fiction, creative nonfiction, and poetry, as well as visual and video arts. [o][
Read more about The Baltimore Review]
BateauLetterpress literary magazine publishing poetry, short fiction, playlets, comics, illustration, and mini creative reviews. [
Read more about Bateau]
Bellevue Literary ReviewBellevue Literary Review is a unique literary magazine that examines human existence through the prism of health and healing, illness and disease.[
Read more about Bellevue Literary Review]
Bellingham Review
The Bellingham Review publishes “literature of palpable quality.” We showcase works of poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction.
[Read more about Bellingham Review]Beloit Poetry JournalFor over 60 years, the Beloit Poetry Journal has been distinguished for the extraordinary range of its poetry and its discovery of strong new poets.
[Read more about Beloit Poetry Journal]Big MuddyMultidisciplinary issues and events, especially but not solely concerning the 10-state area that borders the Mississippi River, from the Canadian border to the Gulf Coast [
Read more about Big Muddy] The
Bitter OleanderThe Bitter Oleander endeavors to publish imaginative poetry, short fiction, interviews, essays & translations of living poets from every corner of the world.
[Read more about The Bitter Oleander]Black Warrior ReviewSince 1974, Black Warrior Review has published the freshest voices in literature, from established and emerging talents alike. Each issue includes a poetry chapbook, comics, and full-color art sections.
[Read more about Black Warrior Review]The
Bloomsbury Review®The Bloomsbury Review includes reviews, interviews with and profiles of authors; essays; original poetry; and a variety of features covering a broad range of book-related topics.
[Read more about The Bloomsbury Review]The Boiler"The Boiler publishes some of the liveliest writing I’ve seen online today."—The Adirondack Review. We publish new and emerging writers on a quarterly basis. [o][
Read more about The Boiler]
Booth“The Booth editors seem to have a knack for attracting and selecting pieces that get right into my marrow, fill my bones full with breathing and want.” –Vouched Books. [o/p][
Read more about Booth]
BoulevardBoulevard strives to publish only the finest in fiction, poetry, and non-fiction—the best of prominent and well-known writers alongside new and emerging ones. [
Read more about Boulevard] The
Briar Cliff ReviewFounded in 1989, The Briar Cliff Review is an eclectic literary, cultural and art magazine. Its full-size format and elegantly simple design provide an aesthetically pleasing venue for the work of contributors.
[Read more about The Briar Cliff Review]BrickInternational perspective. Focuses on the literary non-fiction essay, and also publishes interviews, memoir, letters, poetry, fiction, and other strange and wonderful literary matter.
[Read more about Brick]The Brooklyner The Brooklyner was founded to exhibit new narrative, from both emerging and established writers. We publish fiction, nonfiction, poetry, art, reviews, interviews, sketches and translations. Also, audio and video. We're mediatelling. [o][
Read more about The Brooklyner]
Burnside ReviewA truly independent literary journal from Portland, Oregon.
[Read more about Burnside Review] C
top of pageCamera Obscura JournalAn international print journal and Internet haunt showcasing literary fiction and photography.[
Read more about Camera Obscura Journal]
CanaryCanary is an online literary magazine addressing the environmental crisis through poetry, essay and short fiction (to 1500 words) [o][
Read more about Canary]The
Cape RockA Gathering of PoetsOur mission is to print the best poetry: any style, format, or subject matter. [
Read more about The Cape Rock]
The Carolina QuarterlyThe Carolina Quarterly has been habitually nascent since 1948. Edited by graduate students at UNC-Chapel Hill, we welcome work by established writers and the soon-to-be.[
Read more about The Carolina Quarterly]
Carve MagazineCarve Magazine is honest fiction. We publish online the kind of stories that linger long after they are read—stories that are honest, that are willing to reveal the flaws and the beauty hidden in each of us. [o/p][
Read more about Carve Magazine]
Cave WallCave Wall publishes the best contemporary poetry by emerging and established poets. Each issue features black and white artwork, as well.[
Read more about Cave Wall]
Chagrin River ReviewOut of Northeast Ohio, Chagrin River Review brings you the latest fiction and poetry from exciting new writers, and new work from writers long established. [o][
Read more about Chagrin River Review]The
Chattahoochee ReviewFor over thirty years, The Chattahoochee Review has published excellent writing from the South and around the world. [
Read more about Chattahoochee Review]
ChautauquaWriting that expresses the values of Chautauqua Institution broadly construed: a sense of inquiry into questions of personal, social, political, spiritual, and aesthetic importance.[
Read more about Chautauqua]
Chinese Literature TodayFeaturing the best of modern Chinese literature and groundbreaking critical essays in high-quality translation, Chinese Literature Today grants the world direct access to China. [
Read more about Chinese Literature Today]
Cimarron ReviewSince 1967, Cimarron Review has continually published some of the strongest fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, including work by Pulitzer and Nobel Prize winners.
[Read more about Cimarron Review] The
Cincinnati Review The Cincinnati Review provides a venue for writers of any background, at any point in their literary careers, to showcase their best work. [
Read more about The Cincinnati Review]The
Citron Review The Citron Review is a quarterly publication that publishes flash fiction, micro fiction, flash creative nonfiction, poetry, photography, and art. Think efficiency, brevity, and intimacy. [o][
Read more about The Citron Review]
Clapboard HouseClapboard House publishes the finest stories and poetry written by established and emerging writers. [o][
Read more about Clapboard House]
Cleaver Magazine Cleaver Magazine shares cutting-edge art and literary work from a mix of established and emerging voices. Cleaver publishes poetry, short stories, essays, dramatic monologues, flash prose, and visual art. [o][
Read more about Cleaver Magazine]
Cold Mountain ReviewA forum for well-told stories. We publish the narrative poetry and lyrical prose, and we are interested in the way contemporary literature is testing the boundaries of genre. [
Read more about Cold Mountain Review]
Colorado ReviewColorado Review publishes contemporary short fiction, poetry, and nonfiction (memoir, personal essays) by both new and established writers.
[Read more about Colorado Review]Columbia Poetry ReviewSince 1988, Columbia Poetry Review (a student-edited journal) has published poetry with an eclectic mix from the established and distinguished to the emerging and exciting. [
Read more about Columbia Poetry Review]
The Common The Common publishes fiction, essays, poetry, documentary vignettes, and images that invoke a modern sense of place.[
Read more about The Common]
Concho River ReviewSince 1987, Concho River Review has been publishing established and emerging writers from all over the country while keeping a focus on the Southwest.[
Read more about Concho River Review]
The Cossack ReviewAn independent journal of excellent new writing. Publishing meaningful, exciting work since 2012.[
Read more about The Cossack Review]
Court GreenPoetry journal published annually in association with the English Department at Columbia College Chicago. Each issue features a dossier on a special topic or theme.
[Read more about Court Green]CrazyhorseCrazyhorse publishes the entire spectrum of today's fiction, essays, and poetry—from the mainstream to the avant-garde, from the established to the undiscovered writer.
[Read more about Crazyhorse]Creative NonfictionCreative Nonfiction is the first and the largest journal devoted exclusively to literary nonfiction.
[Read more about Creative Nonfiction]Cumberland River Review"Every issue is a revelation." —Davis McCombs, National Book Critics Circle Award finalist for Ultima Thule [o][
Read more about Cumberland River Review]
CutBankA journal of compelling poetry, fiction, and literary nonfiction.
[Read more about CutBank]CutthroatWe publish high-quality poetry and short fiction from well-known as well as previously unpublished authors.
[Read more about Cutthroat]D
top of pageDigital AmericanaWe publish Americana—stories, poetry, & prose that possess a modern American quality. Our acclaimed interactive-magazine is made for the iPad, iPhone, and in print. [e-pub][
Read more about Digital Americana]
Dogwood Dogwood: A Journal of Poetry and Prose is an award-winning annual print journal founded in 2001—also available via LitRagger—publishing fiction, nonfiction, and poetry.[print][e-pub] [
Read more about Dogwood]
Drunken BoatDrunken Boat, an award-winning international online journal of the arts, publishes the best of traditional forms of representation alongside web art, hypertext, multimedia, audio, and video. [o][
Read more about Drunken Boat]
E
top of pageelsewhere elsewhere is an online bimonthly publication of flash fiction and prose poetry. [o][
Read more about elsewhere]
Exit 7Exit 7 is produced annually by West Kentucky Community and Technical College and seeks to publish outstanding work from both established and emerging writers.[
Read more about Exit 7]
F
top of pageFairy Tale ReviewFairy Tale Review is an annual literary journal dedicated to publishing new fairy-tale fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and translations of fairy tales into English.[
Read more about Fairy Tale Review]
Feile-FestaFeile-Festa is an online, literary arts journal that features poets and writers from all the regions of the United States, as well as Australia, Canada, Ireland, Italy and Scotland. This multicultural journal includes photographs that evoke life primarily in New York City and sometimes Ireland and Italy. [o][
Read more about Feile-Festa]The
Fertile SourceFertile Source is a literary ezine devoted to fertility, infertility, and adoption-related topics. We accept fiction, non-fiction, poetry, artwork, photos, and reviews of fertility-related publications. [o][
Read more about The Fertile Source]
FiddleblackFiddleblack is a small press & journal of literature. We like self and place, antipastoralism and concept horror. [o][
Read more about Fiddleblack]The
FiddleheadThe Fiddlehead, Atlantic Canada's international literary journal, is entertainment for the thoughtful with its mix of poetry and stories by established and new writers.[
Read more about The Fiddlehead]
FIELDFor 40 years FIELD has been celebrated as one of the most stimulating journals of contemporary poetry and poetics in the nation.
[Read more about FIELD]The
First LineThe First Line is unaffiliated, unfunded, unassuming, and far from uninspiring. It is a writer’s journal for readers. [
Read more about The First Line]The
Florida ReviewThe Florida Review publishes innovative fiction, nonfiction, poetry, reviews, and graphic narrative by established and emerging writers. Spring Editors' Prize awards $1000 in each genre.
[Read more about The Florida Review]Foliate OakThe Foliate Oak Literary Magazine features cutting edge writing and artwork from writers and artists all over the world. [o/p][
Read more about Foliate Oak]Four ChambersFour Chambers is an independent literary magazine based in Phoenix, AZ. We're publishing work to build community.[
Read more about Four Chambers]
Fourteen HillsFourteen Hills is a biannual journal publishing the highest quality experimental, progressive, and traditional fiction, poetry, literary nonfiction, short plays, and visual art.[
Read more about Fourteen Hills]
Fourth GenreDevoted to publishing notable, innovative work in creative nonfiction, including personal essays and memoirs, graphic essays, experimental forms, and book reviews.
[Read more about Fourth Genre]The Fourth RiverThe Fourth River seeks works that approaches nature and place in fresh, unexpected ways.[
Read more about The Fourth River]
FrostwritingFrostwriting, an online journal, encourages developing writers trying to put broadly cross-cultural experiences into words. Should these words in any way involve Sweden, all the better. [o][
Read more about Frostwriting]
G
top of page GargoyleGargoyle Magazine has always been a scallywag magazine, a maverick magazine, a bit too academic for the underground and way too underground for the academics.
[Read more about Gargoyle Magazine]Gemini MagazineGemini Magazine is an online journal with no rules. We are open to any form of fiction, poetry, memoir, creative nonfiction, art, photography, or other creative work. Every submission gets an equal chance, no matter who it is from.[
Read more about Gemini Magazine]
Georgetown ReviewWe publish fiction, poetry, and creative nonfiction by both new and established writers. $1,000 contest prize awarded each fall.
[Read more about Georgetown Review]The
Georgia ReviewEach issue of The Georgia Review features some 200 pages of fiction, poetry, essays, and reviews—as well as a visual art portfolio, usually in color.
[Read more about Georgia Review]The
Gettysburg ReviewThe Gettysburg Review publishes poetry, prose, and visual art by established and emerging talents in issues that are as handsome as they are stimulating.
[Read more about Gettysburg Review]Glimmer Train StoriesQuarterly literary magazine. 260 pages of short stories by new and established writers from around the world. No advertising. A feast of fiction.
[Read more about Glimmer Train Stories]Green Mountains ReviewGreen Mountains Review publishes poetry, fiction, creative nonfiction, literary essays, interviews, and book reviews. We print work by both well-known writers and promising newcomers.
[Read more about Green Mountains Review]The
Greensboro ReviewWe publish fiction and poetry twice a year, each fall and spring. Work from the journal is consistently cited in collections honoring the finest new writing.
[Read more about The Greensboro Review]GristThe University of Tennessee’s new journal publishes literary fiction, poetry, interviews, and essays on craft.[
Read more about Grist]
Gulf CoastCommitted to publishing high quality fiction, poetry, nonfiction, and critical art writing from both established and emerging writers. Includes full-color art, interviews, and book reviews.
[Read more about Gulf Coast]H
top of pageHamilton Arts & Letters Hamilton Arts & Letters magazine is a biannual online publication featuring artwork, interviews, reviews, essays, poetry, fiction, creative nonfiction, film, and sound. [o][
Read more about Hamilton Arts & Letters]
Hampden-Sydney Poetry ReviewOne of the longest-running poetry journals in the country. “I like the look of it, the feel of it—the taste of it.” —William Stafford [
Read more about Hampden-Sydney Poetry Review]
Hanging LooseHanging Loose magazine, first published in 1966, has consistently published fresh, lively writing by new and older authors who deserve a wider audience.
[Read more about Hanging Loose] Hayden’s Ferry ReviewHayden’s Ferry Review showcases the voices of emerging and established talents in creative writing and visual art from the national and international community [
Read more about Hayden's Ferry Review]
High Desert JournalHDJ is a literary and visual arts magazine dedicated to further understanding the people, places and issues of the interior West. [
Read more about High Desert Journal]
Hiram Poetry ReviewThe Hiram Poetry Review has been publishing witty, distinctive and heroic poetry since 1966.[
Read more about Hiram Poetry Review]The
Hudson ReviewSince 1948, focusing on how literature bears on the intellectual life of the time. Publishes undiscovered writers. Poetry, fiction, critical essays, book reviews, arts chronicles.
[Read more about The Hudson Review]I
top of pageThe Idaho ReviewAn annual review of literary fiction and poetry, highlighting an array of distinguished writers as well as new and exciting voices of emerging writers.[
Read more about The Idaho Review]
Indiana ReviewNow in its 36th year of publication, Indiana Review is a non-profit literary magazine dedicated to showcasing the talents of emerging and established writers.
[Read more about Indiana Review]The
Iowa ReviewDedicated to publishing the finest contemporary fiction, poetry, and creative nonfiction.
[Read more about The Iowa Review]J -
K
top of pageJewish Fiction .net Jewish Fiction .net showcases the finest contemporary Jewish-themed fiction from around the world (either written in, or translated into, English). Stories and novel excerpts welcome. [o][
Read more about Jewish Fiction .net]
JukedIndependent literary journal that publishes fiction, poetry, nonfiction, and photography. Our online edition is updated once or twice a week, and our print publication comes out annually. In publication since 1999. [o/p][
Read more about Juked]The
Kenyon ReviewThe Kenyon Review features the best new writing by established and emerging authors.
[Read more about Kenyon Review]L
top of pageThe LabletterThe Labletter is an annual magazine of art and literature that has its roots in the Oregon Lab, the name given to a group of artists and their annual gathering[
Read more about The Labletter]
LalitambaLalitamba is an international journal of writings for liberation.[
Read more about Lalitamba]The
Ledge MagazineAn independent publication featuring cutting-edge contemporary poetry and fiction by both established and emerging poets and writers.
[Read more about The Ledge Magazine]The Literary BohemianThe Literary Bohemian is the final online destination for first-class, travel-inspired writing that transports the reader, non-stop, to Elsewhere. [o][
Read more about Literary Bohemian]
Literary JuiceLiterary Juice is produced from 100% pure originality. We feature works of fiction and poetry that are clever, bold, and even weird! [o][
Read more about Literary Juice]Literary LaundryLiterary Laundry is an online journal that publishes two issues per year. We publish poetry, prose-fiction, and one-act drama. [o][
Read more about Literary Laundry]The
Louisville ReviewSince 1976, The Louisville Review has published the best of contemporary writing in fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction, drama, and writing by children (K-12).
[Read more about The Louisville Review] Browse Next Page of Literary Magazine Guide
top of page Magazines
Literary MagazinesAlternative MagazinesLit Mag Reviews Screen ReadingMagazine StandWriters Resources
Calls for SubmissionsWriting ContestsCreative Writing ProgramsWriting ConferencesBlogs of Poets & WritersBooks
PublishersBook ReviewsBook StandAuthor-Published BooksBooksellers
Independent BookstoresGuides & Features
Podcasts - Video/AudioReview SourcesAlternative NewsweekliesUncle Frank's DiaryIndie Record LabelsBlogs & News SitesInterviews/FeaturesYoung Authors GuideNewPages info
Contact/FAQSearchDonate NEW! Buy single copies of great literary magazines.
The NewPages Webstore.Our Big List of Literary Magazines is [ here ]Literary Links- guide to recommended literary sitesNEW list of
undergraduate literary magazinesNEW list of
blogs by poets & writers. If your blog isn't listed, give us a holler.
The Magazine Stand showcases new issues of lit and alt mags received. Interested in getting listed on NewPages?
Check out our FAQ or
Contact Us© 1999-2014 NewPages NewPages- P.O. Box 1580- Bay City, MI 48706- USA Phone: (989) 671-0081 -
http://www.newpages.com/
Facebook 
Twitter 
Google+ 
Welcome to Ely, gateway to one of America’s last pure outdoor experiences. Discover wilderness lakes and forests unchanged by the hand of man. Canoe for days and escape modern civilization. Hike along wooded trails, where nature touches your soul, uplifts your spirit and quiets your mind. Explore miles of waterways and shorelines that are alive with nature’s bounty.
This is the Boundary Water Canoe Area Wilderness, where more than one million acres of ancient forest and 1, 500 plus waterways remain untouched by civilization. This is the largest wilderness area east of the Rockies, and one of the most incredible places you’ll ever see. A favorite way to experience it, of course, is by canoe, the way Native Americans, trappers, fur traders and explorers have throughout the ages. The 
View All News
GrayRobinson, P.A. welcomes Patrick W. Krechowski to the Jacksonville office from Fidelity National Title Group, Inc., where he served as senior in-house counsel. Krechowski brings more than sixteen years of experience in governmental, environmental, land use and title insurance law to the Firm.
Chester Higgins Jr./The New York TimesMaya Angelou in 1998.
Located in Park Rapids, in the heart of the lakes country and home to the Headwaters of the Mississippi River. Coldwell Banker Clack And Dennis Real Estate is the oldest, most experienced real estate company in the area. 
